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  4. Phospho-SPHK2 (T614) Antibody

Phospho-SPHK2 (T614) Antibody

  • 中文名稱：
    磷酸化-SPHK2 (T614)兔多克隆抗體
  • 貨號：
    CSB-PA040026
  • 規(guī)格：
    ￥880
  • 其他：

產(chǎn)品詳情

  • Uniprot No.：
  • 基因名：
  • 別名：
    SK 2 antibody; Sphingosine kinase 2 antibody; Sphingosine kinase type 2 antibody; SPHK2 antibody; SPHK2_HUMAN antibody; SPK 2 antibody
  • 宿主：
    Rabbit
  • 反應(yīng)種屬：
    Human,Mouse,Rat
  • 免疫原：
    Synthesized peptide derived from Human SphK2 around the phosphorylation site of T614.
  • 免疫原種屬：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 標(biāo)記方式：
    Non-conjugated
  • 抗體亞型：
    IgG
  • 純化方式：
    The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen.
  • 濃度：
    It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
  • 保存緩沖液：
    Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide.
  • 產(chǎn)品提供形式：
    Liquid
  • 應(yīng)用范圍：
    IHC, ELISA
  • 推薦稀釋比：
    Application Recommended Dilution
    IHC 1:100-1:300
    ELISA 1:5000
  • Protocols：
  • 儲存條件：
    Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
  • 貨期：
    Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

產(chǎn)品評價(jià)

靶點(diǎn)詳情

  • 功能：
    Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine, D-erythro-sphingosine and L-threo-dihydrosphingosine. Binds phosphoinositides. In contrast to prosurvival SPHK1, has a positive effect on intracellular ceramide levels, inhibits cells growth and enhances apoptosis. In mitochondria, is important for cytochrome-c oxidase assembly and mitochondrial respiration. The SPP produced in mitochondria binds PHB2 and modulates the regulation via PHB2 of complex IV assembly and respiration. In nucleus, plays a role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2 and, through SPP production, inhibits their enzymatic activity, preventing the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues with histones. Upregulates acetylation of histone H3-K9, histone H4-K5 and histone H2B-K12. In nucleus, may have an inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis and cell cycle. In mast cells, is the main regulator of SPP production which mediates calcium influx, NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine production, such as TNF and IL6, and degranulation of mast cells. In dopaminergic neurons, is involved in promoting mitochondrial functions regulating ATP and ROS levels. Also involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism.
  • 基因功能參考文獻(xiàn)：
    1. SPHK2 is highly expressed in the kidney interstitium of patients with renal fibrosis and highly correlates with disease progression. SPHK2 phosphorylates Fyn to activate downstream STAT3 and AKT, thereby promoting extracellular matrix synthesis, kidney fibroblast activation, and renal fibrosis. PMID: 30251698
    2. Colony formation and cell proliferation were suppressed by enhanced expression of miR-338-3p in LC cells. Moreover, miR-338-3p targeted sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2). Silencing of SphK2 had an identical influence as overexpression of miR-338-3p in LC cells. PMID: 29321083
    3. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Sphk2 but not SphK1 resulted in a reduction of cargo content in purified exosomes PMID: 29955024
    4. In colorectal cancer cell lines, inhibition of miR-363-3p elevated SphK2 levels. PMID: 30021386
    5. This review focuses on the recent advances in research on SphK2 regulation and its potential roles in diseases, highlighting SphK2 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for diseases--{REVIEW} PMID: 29057430
    6. the study revealed that lncRNA DANCR might promote the proliferation of osteoarthritis chondrocytes and reduce apoptosis through the miR-577/SphK2 axis. PMID: 29678573
    7. these data demonstrate that SK-2 exerts an antiproliferative and apoptosis-sensitizing effect in renal mesangial cells which suggests that selective inhibitors of SK-2 may promote proliferation and reduce apoptosis PMID: 29991026
    8. Results form study in non-small-cell lung cancer cells showed that SphK2 plays a critical role in doxorubicin-induced resistance by regulating key anti-apoptotic gene, survivin. PMID: 28950390
    9. findings indicate that miR-577 is a potential tumor suppressor in Papillary Thyroid Cancer by targeting SphK2, and may be a potential therapeutic target in PTC. PMID: 28975989
    10. These results provide new insights into the biological functions of Sphk2 and the molecular mechanisms that underlie the Sphk2-mediated resistance to retinoid therapy. PMID: 28465486
    11. this study shows that SK2 can have a direct role in promoting oncogenesis PMID: 27588496
    12. Data show that inhibition of sphingosine kinase-2 by ABC294640 is synergistically cytotoxic with gemcitabine toward three pancreatic cancer cell lines, resulting in decreased expression of both ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2) and c-MYC protein (Myc) in all three cell lines. PMID: 27517489
    13. miR-613 functions as a tumor suppressor in papillary thyroid carcinoma and its suppressive effect is mediated by repressing SphK2 expression PMID: 27223438
    14. results were consistent across all of the four serotypes of DENV infection, which supports the pro-apoptotic role of SPHK2 in DENV-infected liver cells PMID: 29145490
    15. sphingosine kinase-2 plays an important role in kidney fibrogenesis by modulating transforming growth factor-beta signaling PMID: 28807595
    16. SphKs/Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling is critical for the growth and survival of estrogen receptor positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. PMID: 28108260
    17. The analysis suggests that the catalytic function and regulation of SPHK1 and SPHK2 might be dependent on their conformational mobility. (Review) PMID: 27021309
    18. In this study, we describe the findings that overexpression of SphK2 promotes chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Inhibition of SphK2 might be considered as a strategy in NSCLC treatment with gefitinib PMID: 26628299
    19. the pathogenesis of CRC maybe mediated by SphK2, and SphK2 could represent a selective target for the molecularly targeted treatments of CRC PMID: 26733171
    20. data suggest that in vitro inhibition of SK-2, can compromise the integrity of the EC monolayer PMID: 26822263
    21. ABC294640 may reduce the proliferative capacity of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells through inhibition of both sphingosine kinase 2 and dihydroceramide desaturase. PMID: 26494858
    22. increased SK and SPL mRNA expression along with reduced sphingosine 1-phosphate levels were more commonly observed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. PMID: 26886371
    23. Because of the unique relationship observed after serum depletion, we examined effects of siRNA for SPHK2, and found the role of SPHK2 as a growth or survival factor but not a cell proliferation inhibitor in FCS(-) culture PMID: 25808826
    24. Targeting of SphK2 by ABC294640 potently inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 26337959
    25. results define new mechanistic insights for EGF-mediated invasion and novel actions of SK2 PMID: 26209696
    26. These data illuminate a novel survival mechanism and potential therapeutic target for KSHV-infected endothelial cells: SphK2-associated maintenance of viral latency PMID: 25010828
    27. Down-regulation of SphK2 increased the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid on colon cancer cells. PMID: 25455157
    28. SphK2 plays a controversial role in arthritis. PMID: 23881266
    29. IGF1R mediates insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of both SphK1 and SphK2. PMID: 24422628
    30. SK2 prevents the nuclear translocation of Y416 phosphorylated c-Src and this appears to be independent of S1P4 and might involve an intracellular S1P-dependent mechanism, which is resistant to exogenously added S1P. PMID: 24486401
    31. Silencing of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK-2) also blocked HDL-induced COX-2/PGI-2 activation. PMID: 24385109
    32. these results implicate interrelated mechanisms and SPHK2 inhibition in the induction of PEL cell death by ABC294640 and rationalize evaluation of ABC294640 in clinical trials for the treatment of KSHV-associated lymphoma. PMID: 24140934
    33. SPHK2 regulates apoptosis in colon cancer cells. PMID: 24709100
    34. Results demonstrated that SK2 regulates MYC, which has a pivotal role in hematologic malignancies. PMID: 24686171
    35. the expression of SphK2 parallels the progression of NSCLC. The expression of SphK2 might represent a novel and potentially independent biomarker for the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. PMID: 23918304
    36. Sphingosine kinase 2 might function simply to dynamically regulate sphingosine-S1P cycling. PMID: 23314175
    37. The function of SphK1 and SphK2 can be interchangeable in mast cells and is species and cell type determined. PMID: 23359503
    38. SK2 functions as a pro-survival protein and is involved in promoting actin rearrangement into membrane ruffles/lamellipodia in response to sphingosine 1-phosphate in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. PMID: 21620961
    39. pharmacological inhibition of Sphk2 with the orally bioavailable selective inhibitor, ABC294640, has therapeutic potential in the treatment of chemo- and endocrine therapy- resistant breast cancer. PMID: 21307639
    40. Cleavage of sphingosine kinase 2 by caspase-1 provokes its release from apoptotic cells. PMID: 20197547
    41. although both sphingosine kinase type 1 (SphK1) and type 2 (SphK2) can phosphorylate FTY720 with low efficiency, SphK2 is much more effective than SphK1 PMID: 14596938
    42. Sphingosine kinase 2 plays an important role in migration of MDA-MB-453 cells toward EGF. PMID: 15951439
    43. the N-terminal-extended form of sphingosine kinase 2 has a role in serum-dependent regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis PMID: 16103110
    44. hSphK2 is phosphorylated on Ser-351 and Thr-578 by ERK1 and phosphorylation of these residues is important for EGF-stimulated migration of MDA-MB-453 cells PMID: 17311928
    45. PKD is a physiologically relevant enzyme for SPHK2 phosphorylation, which leads to its nuclear export for subsequent cellular signaling. PMID: 17635916
    46. Sphingosine kinase 2, but not sphingosine kinase 1, acted in concert with SPP-1 to regulate recycling of sphingosine into ceramide. PMID: 17895250
    47. These data suggest that differential formation of sphingosine-1-phosphate by SphK1 and SphK2 has distinct and important actions in human mast cells. PMID: 18178871
    48. a novel mechanism of regulation of both SK1 and SK2 that is mediated by their interaction with eEF1A. PMID: 18263879
    49. A lipid binding domain in Sphk2 that is important for the enzyme's sub-cellular localisation was identified. PMID: 19168031
    50. Results indicate that SPHK1 and 2 isoforms and neutral sphingomyelinase contribute to the regulation of chemosensitivity by controlling ceramide formation and the downstream Akt pathway in human colon cancer cells. PMID: 19240026

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  • 亞細(xì)胞定位：
    Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondrion inner membrane.; [Isoform 2]: Lysosome membrane.
  • 組織特異性：
    Mainly expressed in adult kidney, liver, and brain. Expressed in cerebral cortex and hippocampus (at protein level). Isoform 1 is the predominant form expressed in most tissues.
  • 數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接：

    HGNC: 18859

    OMIM: 607092

    KEGG: hsa:56848

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000245222

    UniGene: Hs.528006