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  4. Recombinant Human Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G (i) subunit alpha-1 (GNAI1)

Recombinant Human Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G (i) subunit alpha-1 (GNAI1)

In Stock
  • 中文名稱：
    人GNAI1重組蛋白
  • 貨號(hào)：
    CSB-EP009588HU
  • 規(guī)格：
    ￥1836
  • 圖片：
    • (Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
  • 其他：

產(chǎn)品詳情

  • 純度：
    Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
  • 基因名：
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 種屬：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 蛋白長(zhǎng)度：
    Full Length of Mature Protein
  • 來(lái)源：
    E.coli
  • 分子量：
    47.7 kDa
  • 表達(dá)區(qū)域：
    2-354aa
  • 氨基酸序列
    GCTLSAEDKAAVERSKMIDRNLREDGEKAAREVKLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQMKIIHEAGYSEEECKQYKAVVYSNTIQSIIAIIRAMGRLKIDFGDSARADDARQLFVLAGAAEEGFMTAELAGVIKRLWKDSGVQACFNRSREYQLNDSAAYYLNDLDRIAQPNYIPTQQDVLRTRVKTTGIVETHFTFKDLHFKMFDVGGQRSERKKWIHCFEGVTAIIFCVALSDYDLVLAEDEEMNRMHESMKLFDSICNNKWFTDTSIILFLNKKDLFEEKIKKSPLTICYPEYAGSNTYEEAAAYIQCQFEDLNKRKDTKEIYTHFTCATDTKNVQFVFDAVTDVIIKNNLKDCGLF
    Note: The complete sequence including tag sequence, target protein sequence and linker sequence could be provided upon request.
  • 蛋白標(biāo)簽：
    N-terminal 10xHis-tagged and C-terminal Myc-tagged
  • 產(chǎn)品提供形式：
    Liquid or Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 緩沖液：
    If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.
  • 復(fù)溶：
    We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
  • 儲(chǔ)存條件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保質(zhì)期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 貨期：
    3-7 business days
  • 注意事項(xiàng)：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet & COA：
    Please contact us to get it.

產(chǎn)品評(píng)價(jià)

靶點(diǎn)詳情

  • 功能：
    Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numerous regulatory proteins. Signaling is mediated via effector proteins, such as adenylate cyclase. Inhibits adenylate cyclase activity, leading to decreased intracellular cAMP levels. The inactive GDP-bound form prevents the association of RGS14 with centrosomes and is required for the translocation of RGS14 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. Required for normal cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for cortical dynein-dynactin complex recruitment during metaphase.
  • 基因功能參考文獻(xiàn)：
    1. using cryo-electron microscopy, it is shown that the major interactions between activated rhodopsin and Gi are mediated by the C-terminal helix of the Gi alpha-subunit, which is wedged into the cytoplasmic cavity of the transmembrane helix bundle and directly contacts the amino terminus of helix 8 of rhodopsin PMID: 29899450
    2. 3.5 A resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the mu-opioid receptor (muOR) bound to the agonist peptide DAMGO and nucleotide-free Gi; these results shed light on the structural features that contribute to the Gi protein-coupling specificity of the microOR PMID: 29899455
    3. HL-60 neutrophil-like cells expressing Rap1a(G12V) or Radil have an elongated phenotype because of enhanced uropod adhesion as they attempt to migrate on fibronectin. This elongated phenotype driven by Rap1a(G12V) or Radil is reversed by Galphai1(Q204L), but not by WT Galphai1 expression, suggesting that Galphai-GTP also regulates adhesion in immune cells at the level of, or downstream of, Radil. PMID: 29259127
    4. complex between M2R and holo-Gi1 is an octamer comprising four copies of each, and that activation is accompanied by a decrease in the oligomeric size of Gi1 PMID: 27494760
    5. GIV is a bifunctional modulator of G proteins; it serves as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galphas using the same motif that allows it to serve as a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Galphai PMID: 27621449
    6. The authors demonstrate that Glu53, Glu60, and Glu118 of human Ngb are crucial for both the neuroprotective activity and interaction with Gi. Moreover, they show that Lys46, Lys70, Arg208, Lys209, and Lys210 residues of Gi are important for binding to human Ngb. PMID: 27109834
    7. GTP analogs leads to a rigid and closed arrangement of the Galphai1, whereas the apo and GDP-bound forms are considerably more open and dynamic. PMID: 27298341
    8. The results show ZIP9 is a specific Gi coupled-membrane AR mediating testosterone-induced MAP kinase and zinc signaling in PC3-ZIP9 cells. PMID: 28219737
    9. These data indicate that, unlike in taste cells, TAS2Rs couple to the prevalent G proteins, Galphai1, Galphai2, and Galphai3, with no evidence for functional coupling to Galphagust. PMID: 28145731
    10. testosterone rapidly increased whole-cell HCAEC SKCa and BKCa currents via a surface androgen receptor, Gi/o protein, and protein kinase A PMID: 28223151
    11. These findings suggest that Gi1 interacts only with active GPCRs and that the well known high speed of GPCR signal transduction does not require preassembly between G proteins and GPCRs. PMID: 28438833
    12. Silencing of Galphai1 expression blocked the inhibitory effects of G-1 on prostate cancer cell growth PMID: 27908592
    13. biochemical and computational data indicate that the interactions between alpha5, alpha1, and beta2-beta3 are not only vital for GDP release during G protein activation, but they are also necessary for proper GTP binding (or GDP rebinding). PMID: 27462082
    14. In activation cluster I, helices alpha1 and alpha5 pack against strands beta1-beta3 to stabilize the nucleotide-bound states. PMID: 26258638
    15. The loss-of-function mutations of GNAI loci are rare or nonexistent in familial pituitary adenomas. PMID: 25291362
    16. Employed time-resolved FTIR difference spectroscopy to investigate the molecular reaction mechanisms of Galphai1. Mutants of the intrinsic arginine finger (Galphai1-R178S) affected exclusively the hydrolysis reaction. PMID: 25979337
    17. Data indicate that hydroxyurea (HU) induces SAR1 protein expression, which in turn activates gamma-globin expression, predominantly through the Gialpha/JNK/Jun pathway. PMID: 24914133
    18. We observed increased expression of Galphai1/3 in wounded human skin and keloid skin tissues, suggesting the possible involvement of Galphai1/3 in wound healing and keloid formation. PMID: 25078664
    19. Gi alpha subunit was found to be a key modulator of GABAB-receptors signaling in analgesia. PMID: 25242222
    20. AC5, by binding active Galphai1, interferes with G-protein deactivation and reassembly and thereby might sensitize its own regulation. PMID: 23841650
    21. Data indicate that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation and cell migration require Src, Gi/Go, COX-2 and LOXs activities. PMID: 23179791
    22. resistin contributes to the pro-inflammatory state of SMC by the up-regulation of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression via a mechanism involving NF-kB, AP-1, and STAT1/3 transcription factors, (2) resistin employs TLR4 and Gi-protein signaling. PMID: 23086480
    23. leucine can directly facilitate insulin signaling through a Galphai protein-dependent intracellular signaling pathway PMID: 23404499
    24. Data suggest that chemokine binding to CCX-CKR (a) recruits Gi proteins and beta-arrestin (beta-arr) with high affinity. PMID: 23341447
    25. This study support a role for RGS proteins as negative regulators of opioid supraspinal antinociception and also reveal a potential novel function of RGS proteins as positive regulators of opioid spinal antinociceptive pathways. PMID: 23467353
    26. Galpha(o) protein contributes to maximally efficient mu-opioid receptor signaling and antinociception in Galpha(o) null transgenic mice. PMID: 21654736
    27. CXCL12 signaling via CXCR7 is Gialpha independent. PMID: 22070874
    28. RGS14 can form complexes with GPCRs in cells that are dependent on Galpha(i/o) and these RGS14.Galpha(i1).GPCR complexes may be substrates for other signaling partners such as Ric-8A PMID: 21880739
    29. analysis of a novel Gi, P2Y-independent signaling pathway mediating Akt phosphorylation in response to thrombin receptors PMID: 20586915
    30. Data reveal a change in the repertoire of Galpha(i/o) subunits during T cell differentiation and suggest functional equivalence among Galpha(i/o) subunits irrespective of their relative abundance. PMID: 20829352
    31. The RET combination analysis revealed that stimulation of the alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2A)AR) leads to the recruitment of GRK2 at a receptor still associated with the Galpha(i1)beta(1)gamma(2) complex. PMID: 20696855
    32. AGS3 receptor coupling to both Galphabetagamma and GPR-Galpha(i) offer additional flexibility for systems to respond and adapt to challenges and orchestrate complex behaviors PMID: 20716524
    33. Nucleobindin 1 is a calcium-regulated guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of G{alpha}i1. PMID: 20679342
    34. The chemotaxis signal pathway induced by chemokines CKbeta8 and CKbeta8-1 is mediated via the Gi/Go protein, phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C delta (PKC delta). PMID: 19951712
    35. Structural determinants for GoLoco-induced inhibition of nucleotide release by Galpha subunits PMID: 11976690
    36. An age-induced increase in G alpha i may have a role in depressing cardiac function in aged human atria. PMID: 14576516
    37. region of the third cytoplasmic loop of Dopamine D2 receptor is crucial for determining G(i) protein coupling specificity. PMID: 14581469
    38. Gi has a role in insulin attenuation of platelet functions by interfering with cAMP suppression along with IRS-1 PMID: 14602724
    39. Gi, but not Gq or G12/13, signaling pathways are required for activation of Akt in platelets PMID: 14623889
    40. Gi has a role in CXCL16 signaling that induces cell-cell adhesion and aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation PMID: 14625285
    41. the G(alpha)o/i-coupled cannabinoid receptor, by regulating the proteasomal degradation of Rap1GAPII, activates Rap1 to induce neurite outgrowth. PMID: 15657046
    42. Gialpha and Gbeta subunits both define selectivity of G protein activation by alpha2-adrenergic receptors. PMID: 16371464
    43. Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reduces cell surface levels of eight different members of the CC- and CXC-family of Chemokine receptors (CKRs) by up to 92%. PMID: 16775006
    44. autotaxin induces uPA expression via the Gi-PI3K-Akt-NF-kappaB signaling pathway that might be critical for autotaxin-induced tumor cell invasion and metastasis PMID: 17013094
    45. Data show that Gi and RGS proteins provide biochemical control of androgen receptor exclusion from the cell nucleus. PMID: 17416965
    46. Selective induction of G alpha inhibiting subunit 1 (Gi alpha1) expression is a novel downstream event in hypertrophic signaling that may be a critical factor leading to cellular electrophysiological remodeling of the Ras transgenic mouse heart. PMID: 17646583
    47. Heretotrimeric G protein subunit Galphai is associated with mitochondria. PMID: 18037379
    48. The potency and efficacy of LPA-mediated inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity was enhanced in cells expressing RGSi G(i) (mutant) proteins as compared to RGSwt G(i). PMID: 18083345
    49. MUPP1 binds to the G protein-coupled MT(1) melatonin receptor and directly regulates its G(i)-dependent signal transduction PMID: 18378672
    50. analysis of structural determinants underlying the temperature-sensitive nature of a Galpha mutant PMID: 18519563

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  • 亞細(xì)胞定位：
    Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Cytoplasm, cell cortex. Membrane; Lipid-anchor.
  • 蛋白家族：
    G-alpha family, G(i/o/t/z) subfamily
  • 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接：

    HGNC: 4384

    OMIM: 139310

    KEGG: hsa:2770

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000343027

    UniGene: Hs.134587